Which area is most commonly associated with furcation involvement?

Furcation involvement is most commonly associated with the maxillary first molar, particularly in the mesial aspect. Maxillary first molars have three roots: two buccal roots (mesiobuccal and distobuccal) and one palatal root. The anatomy of the roots, along with the location of the furcation area between the roots, makes these teeth particularly susceptible to periodontal disease and resulting furcation involvement.

The mesial furcation area is often difficult to access during dental hygiene procedures, leading to an increased risk of plaque accumulation and subsequent periodontal destruction. Clinically, this results in a higher incidence of furcation involvement compared to other teeth.

In contrast, while other options like the mandibular first molar and second molar can also have furcation involvement, the maxillary first molar, especially at the mesial furcation, is recognized as the most common location due to its unique root morphology and the distribution of periodontal disease.